The Tamil Nadu government challenged the Governor's inaction on 10 state bills reserved for the President’s assent under Article 201. The Supreme Court addressed key issues, stating that the Governor must act promptly on bills and that the President must decide within 3 months, providing reasons for any delay. The Court ruled that the President's withholding of assent is justiciable, with judicial review allowed if based on arbitrariness or mala fides. States can seek judicial remedies, including writs of mandamus for executive inaction. The President may also seek an advisory opinion under Article 143 to ensure impartiality.